Well-casing shoe



June 3, 1930. E. D. EVERY WELL CASING SHOE Filed May l. 1928 1 y 2 Sheets#Sheefl 1 |N vENToR BY ,EJE/'very v WlTNESSES Manda@ ATTORN EY .lune 3, 1930.

E. p. EVERY WELL lQcAsINc. SHOE Filed May 1, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 a. 9.o.; 3.3.4... a

INVENTOR EBErery ATTQ'RNEY PatenteclJuneS; "1939 i.

ELMERvnfinvimzgoi?Ynonnajinnii. Jenni; Limi/v JERSEY, 'ASSIGNQRTO'RTESI'AN WELL en. 1

i W15-suoli as a -I clay tunifi-iure;l'nflaybe" introduced aroiincl the easing f'zxbove :the vfhoe to' fune- 'coneaviing 1in end exerting undue friction" on *the -ou'te'r willY ofthe Ieasing, to "further 'serve ineens 'for-excluding unclesirlable lwter Vfrom following intake pointb the casing.

down el@Casing-'toniepermanent e; invent-ion 'screen y"on anfinner linieofcffsingf-oii inge screen Wliere only one yline Ofce'silng `supporting fa line of pipe of lie" poper fsize carrying' off AWater pumpelto the "l0-vger end of 'the shoeso as Vtofpievent Saidj Walter yfrom Y "flowing out fhrongh' the openingswin'he.

The( invention furthermore embodies wa shoe having a frangibl'e-Ineans 'forv seating and supporting the lower 'end 'of the inner 5D line of pipe'orveloeity tube :eo-'that sa-mil broken' out` vfrom the `surface tok allowf lian inner `casing the outsideffc'liarn'et'er'fof.which w .fi-s Slightly-:nes thaw-beginnerdiameter of.

y yWhere 'the original'foutei `leasing 'li'a-s been therV obj eet. end f'improve'd shoejfwhich iis Subcled into upper und 4lower 1ehan1'bers, the i 15's tofiin accordance with th'e i nventioiiV Whi'c'h 'functions fas Ja, Ineens for discharging Coin'- fis "Set" -inp'laoe in Je, Waiter bearingorma- Etien, for placing fa lee'inent phig -:intlie1*bot' "the l 'i'nvention o l toin-of thel screen by 'forcing the kfemenil" in mixture-downthnoughftlie lower ih-amber ferm -af permanent' lplug ."foljvlthe bottom "of the screen while the upper chamber of the shoe may be used to placea cement mixture in the formation at any point where it may be desired or needed.

' Y Other objects of the invention reside in the comparative simplicity of construction and mode of kuse of the shoe, the economy with which it may beV producedy and employed and the l general efficiency derived therefrom. v Y

With the above recited and other obliects in view, reference is had to the following description and accompanying drawings, in which there is exhibited one eX- ample or embodiment of the invention, while the claims define the actual scope of the saine.l

In the drawings: Figurev 1 is a vertical sectional view through va well illustrating the well casing equipped with a. shoe constructed in accordance with the invention. i V Figure 2 is .a vertical sectional view through a shoe equipped and functioning in connection with a velocity tube.

Figure 3 .is a horizontal sectional view taken approximately on the line indicated at 3-3 in Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a vertical sectional viewtaken approximately on the line 4.-4 of Figure 3.

Figure 5 isa vertical sectional view `illus` trating `the manner in which the 4well `is developed after reaching the water bearing formation.

Referring to the drawings by characters of reference, i, designates the casing sections7 VB thescreen Vcarried by the lower casing section and to the lower end of which screen the shoe designated generally at C is attached. The shoe() is formed or constructed in any suitable manner but as vshown furthe purpose of illustratiomthe .saine consists of-an outer cylindrical wall 1OVand 1an inner frusto-conical wall 11 disposed vwithin the outer wall and having its lower larger end of slightly less diameter than and*l spaced radially inward from the ,lower end of the outer wall to provide a restricted substantially annular outlet 12. VAn

spectto the lpipes 17, extend completely lthrough the upper wall or deck 13 and through the intermediate wall 14 and conimunicate with the lower chaniberlG. The

meaoie shoe is provided at its upper end extending above the upper deckl with an attaching boss 19 which is riveted, welded or other-- wise connected with the lower end of the screen B or the lower casing section A, as the case may be, depending .upon the formations through whichV the well is to be sunk.

ln lpracticevand in its general use, the shoe is provided adjacent its upper end with an internal seat'20, preferably constructed of cement or other frangible material which may be broken out from the surface bythe use of suitable tools. This seat is provided with a Vcentralaperture 21 and may be further provided with'an upstanding collar or flange 22 to receive the lowerend of a pipe line 23.

In the sinking operation, water under pressure or water and compressed` air are introduced or fed through the pipes 18 ,to the lower chamber where it will be discharged through the 4orifice o'rf annular outlet 12 at the lower edge of the shoe for disturbing,'eroding orwashing away the formation which will be carried with the water and discharged over the top of the casing,or the loosened material may be removed with a sand bucket through the casing. Vhere vthe slice is attached to alscreen, the inner pipe line 23 or velocity tube is used for preventing'the water whichis pumped through the shoe for the purpose of settling the ksama-,frompassing out through the openings in the'screen and for further increasing the velocity ofthe return liow'of the water and excavated material. As the shoe vand casing begin to sink, a batter, such as a heavy mixture of clay and water, is pumped or forced by means of compressed air through the pipe l17 leading to the upper chamber where it will K beY discharged through ciicuniferentially` spaced openings 24; in the upper deck or wall to define a continuous ring of said batter or mixture around the casing for holding the sand back and preventing possible caving in which causes friction on the casing suflicient to retard its sinking. This clay ring formed by the casing as the work progresses will also act as a seal to prevent any ofthe upper undesirable Vwater which may be encountered7 from vfollowing d own the outside of the casing to the final `intake point. This batter or clayring also actsas a lubricant to facilitatethe gravitational sinking of the well.

in addition to iinpinging an effective weight on the upper wall ordeck to assist in the sinking operation. The outlet openings 2li in the upper wall or deck13 also serve as a means for releasing the compressed air or water or steam or a combination Vof same around the casing to loosen it in event of binding by a'caving in of the material. By employing two or more pipes attached to each chamber of the shoe,V the following endsv are-obtained, first, allowing forten-extension of' pipes-at the surface by'means of,V valves interposed'gin eachiline 'at the' surface without shuttingoffthe,water, air or lclayl mixture fromjthe shoe, thereby `maintaining` a' press-urein thesame at alltimes whichlwill* prevent sand or other material from-backing up into-the chambers and" resulting i'nfpossi-V .ble clogging. Second, by employing tWOorV more pipes opening intoV each chamber,

means is also( afforded for. clearing "the chambers should they become clogged by.l disconnecting one of the pipes at the surface l and introducing compressed air or water orY both to permit of forcing the same into Lthe shoe and Washingoutof the 'clogging'.inate? rial through the pipe which has `been discon-t.` nected at the surface. V.The disconnection Y of thepipes 17 and 18 at the-shoe may be. lreadily vaccomplished by providing., a left-- hand thread art-the point. ofl connection )of the pipes with the `.shoe andby employing right-hand threadson "all the other conne@ tions between the pipe sections. 1 A

Assuming that-an outer` casingghas been f sunk by means of the shoe to .the'm'axnnum i depth possible and it is `des'ired'to'sink the w the casing and to remove the particles theref" `well to a greater depth. Where a shoeA having the velocity tube' seat 20 lhas been used, it

30! is possible to removethe velocity tube Yand break outV the frangible seat 20 by suitable tools introduced through-the upperend of of. t'is thenobviousthatan. inner casing,

`the outside diameter of whchis slightly less than the inner diameter of thefouter casing, may be passed throughy the shoe.v In instancesfwhere an outer casing D, Vas illus-Y trated in Figure 5 has been sunk to a certain point and an inner casing` E carrying a screen F equipped with apshoe constructed in accordance with the invention has been-y sunl to a point 'below the outer casing to.

expose they screen, itis found that the Water 21 bearing forlnation'consists of fine sand or, I ne vrsand' and gravel, the shoe may beused inthe following manner to thoroughlyT dre-p velop the Well orarea about the screen. Compressed air is forcedfthrough thejpipes 17 to the upper chamber l5 and suddenly re leased linto thesand for loosening and disturbing the same around. the screen in such a manner that 1t will be caused to flow' through the orifices in thev screen. *A sand the sand and discharging thesame at the'top und hold, back the fine sandfand` gravel. Prior to the developmentof the wellinthis manner or otherwise, a cernentemixture'may rbe forced down through the pipes 18 to the lower chamber andA thence `outwardly rifp'l'i'ery"L 'and 'providedf withan upwardly reeted restricted outlet rfor" "discherging*the; p fiuiditherethrough 7 jdirectedjsubstantially annular outletY Adifslposed-vin-approximately alignment' with tlie' *fther casinglperiphery"andiprovidedfi tligitir 1 upwardly directed 'restricted'Y outlet'fundE chambers;l the: latteri having ff ai restricted; in?

ndranghetaimei-'vCauet;@tenaceieftovfrm.1

apermanent plug''ferr-the#bOttOnT-fe'the screen. @It is, of' course, Wunderstood that-*the f extending-'radially beyond@ the' casing pe "'25 -jwell casing shoe-includinga bedydey I i-ning upper. closed? .chamber4 having? a gy por/tieni thereof]extending.radiallyr beyond the 'casingV periphery and? provided with' an l' v upwardlyfdirected outlet, said body defining-i ra vil'ower'cha'm'ber havingga ldwnvardly' and-J rdly "directed "substanti'-allyvy annularjfout'# t l well casingrshoeV including a" Vlb delinln'gan upper chamber-*havl-ngfad por thereof extendingradiallybeyondthefcasing; 'f' 1 periplieny and? provided with-anupwarclly' :directed outlet, said body definingjaflow'cra chamber havingadownwardly and inW-:rrdly major periphery of the shoe'.

' Alwell-casing-sho'e including a body cle-@reo fining IanfvupperL closed 'chamber lut-ving a portion,thereof"Erl extending radiallybeyond i if conduit extending- -from the. surface` toand;

Vcomnnuiic'ating with the *upper cliefmber jte* Y supply `lliuid to Athe@chamberfor discharge upwardly through saidrestrietedaoutlet.g -1 l 5.- A een Casing Shes; ineiueingfa bdyf defining-an upperjcl'osed cliainberfhavin;` 15, 'a-p'ortion' thereofk3 extendingifratdiallyj-bee-- yond "the" casing periphery 'andiV provided? y l f with: an upwardly directed restricted outlet, lsaid body Y'defil'ling-'a-l lower ychamber having a downwardlyand inwardly directyed fsu'bstantiall'yy annularl outlet 5 and a.,plu-Q rality of imlependent, conduitsl extending: from theupper surface respectivelygto:A each Y offsaid chambersttoi selectively supply fluids" pump d1agrammati'cally illustrated at G will i be introduced for the purpose of carrying` off Y y, Y Y

v- 6i A wellcasingt'shoeincludnga closedt annular. hollow? body, aho'rizontal partition" subdividng` the body intotupper' and lower.

wardlydirected annular outletirat; its-lowerV with said. chambers; to independently-"supe finingean upperfclosed#chamber adapted-'to receive aefluidandfhaving@"a-portion'-thereotr l ply the samejwith fluids of different characters for discharge therefrom throughsald Y K outlets. Y

7, A. well casing shoe including anV annular hollow body subdivided vertically into upper and lower chambers, the latter hav- Ving a restricted annular outlet at its lowerv Vend,l the former having circumferentially entially spaced 4upwardly directed restrictc ed outlet openings', al1-annular intermediate partition wall below and spaced from the top wall, defining upper and lower cham-` bers and independent conduits pipes leading to Vand communicating respectively with the chambers to selectively introduceA i fluids lof different characters tosaid chambers for discharge therefrom through their respective outlets.

' 9. A well casing shoe including acylindrical outer wall, a frusto-c'onical inner wall disposed within the outer wall having its lower larger end of slightly less diam-V eter than and spaced radially inward from land above the lower end of the outer wall to provide a restricted substantially annular inwardly directed outlet, an annular top wall having circumferentially spaced upwardly directed-restricted outlet openings7 an annular intermediate partition wall below and spaced from lthe top wall, defining upper and lower chambers and conduit pipes respectively leading to and communicating with the upper chamber and leading through the upper chamber and communieating with the lower chamber to admit independent fluid supplies to the chambers for discharge therefrom through their respective outlets.

:10. A well casing shoe includinga cylindrical -outer wall, a frusto-conical` inner wall disposed within the outer wall having its lower larger end of' slightly less diameterjthan and spaced radially inward from the lower end of theV outer wall to provide a restricted 'substantially annular outlet, an annular top wall having circumferentially spacedV upwardly Adirected `outlet openingsyan annular intermediate partition wall below and spaced from the'top wall, defining upper and lower chambers, conduit pipes respectively leading to and communicing with the upper chamber and leading through the upper chamber and :if/saciecommunicating with the lower` chamber and a frangible annular flange carried in side of the shoe adjacent its upper end constituting a seat for a velocity tube.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York andl State of New York this 21st day of April, A. 1).1929.y

I .Y ELMER D. EVERY. 

